| 1510 |
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Portuguese
capture Goa
In 1492, Columbus, an Italian sailor, set out from Spain to reach India
and discovered America. However Vasco-da-Gama, a Portuguese sailor, succeeded
in the effort.Vasco-da-Gama carried spices from India to Portuguese and
made very heavy profits. |
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| 1518 |
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Kutub Shahi dynasty at Golconda |
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| 1526 |
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Establishment
of the Mughul Dynasty; First Battle of Panipat: Babur defeats Lodis
After conquering Kabul, in 1511 Babur tried again to occupy Samarkhand
and so took help from of Shah Ismail Safavi of Persia to fight against
Shaibani Khan, the Uzbeg chief. But the Uzbegs defeated Babur in 1512. |
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| 1526-1530 |
|
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Reign
of Babur
Babur established his empire after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the Battle
of Panipat, the Rajputs under Rana Sanga of Mewar at the battle of Kanwar
and the consolidated Afghans chiefs at the banks of river Ghagra. |
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| 1530 |
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Humayun
succeeds Babur
In 1530, after the death of Babur, his elder son Humayun succeeded the
throne. At the age of twenty-three, Humayun became the ruler of the Mughal
empire in India. |
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|
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| 1538 |
|
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Guru
Nanak
At age 13 it was time for Guru Nanak to be invested with the sacred
thread according to the traditional Hindu custom.At the ceremony which
was attended by family and friends and to the disappointment of his family
Guru Nanak refused to accept the sacred cotton thread from the Hindu
priest. |
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|
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| 1539 |
|
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Sher
Shah Suri defeats Humayan and becomes Emperor of Delhi
In 1540, Sher Khan defeated Humayun at Kanauj and went on to capture
Delhi and Agra. Thus Sher Khan re-established the Afghans rule in Delhi.
After this, the main focus of Sher Khan was to expand his kingdom. |
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| 1555 |
|
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Humayun
recovers the throne of Delhi
In November 1554, he marched to reconquer Hindustan, for which he got
an excellent opportunity in the civil wars among the surs.In February 1555, Humayun captured Lahore and then occupied Delhi. Thus
he got back partially what he had lost due to his weakness. |
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| 1556 |
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Death
of Humayun; Accession of Akbar;
Interview with Akbar
To begin with, Akbar had had to fight Hemu. Both sides met on the famous
field of Panipat in 1556. Hemu with a large army including 1,500 war
elephants had initial success. But the day was decided when the arrow
struck Hemu in the eye. |
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|
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| 1564 |
|
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Akbar abolishes poll tax on Hindus |
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|
|
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| 1565 |
|
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Battle
of Talikota
After the death of Achyuta Raya in AD 1541, his son Venkatadri or Venkata-I
ascended the throne, but could not reign long, and within six months
the crown was passed to the nephew of Achyuta - Sadasiva. |
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|
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| 1568 |
|
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Fall
of Chittor
Taking advantage of the death of the king Rana Sanga and the weakness
of his son Udai Singh, Akbar besieged the fort of Chittor in October,
1567. Udai Singh fled to the hills leaving his kingdom. But the noble
followers of Rana Sanga especially Jaimall and Patta fought continuously
for four months till Jaimall was shot dead by Akbar and Patta also died. |
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| 1571 |
|
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Foundation of Fatehpur Sikri by Akbar |
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| 1572 |
|
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Akbar
annexes Gujarat
Akbar realised that it was very important to have Gujarat in his Empire.
In 1572, Akbar personally marched against Gujarat, which was then under
the rule of King Muzaffar Shah III. |
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|
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| 1573 |
|
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Surat surrenders to Akbar |
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|
|
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| 1575 |
|
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Battle
of Tukorai
After Gujarat, the attention of the Mughals was drawn towards Bengal.
Till 1572, Sulaiman, governor of South Bihar and who extended his authority
over Bengal, accepted the lordship of Akbar. |
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|
|
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| 1576 |
|
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Battle
of Haldighat : Akbar defeats Rana Pratap; Subjugation of Bengal
Rana Pratap had a tough time fighting the Mughals with no capital and
with his neighbouring chiefs allying with the Mughals. In April 1576,
the Mughals led by Man Singh of Amber and Asaf Khan invaded Mewar and
a battle at the pass of Haldighat near Gogunda was fought. |
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|
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| 1577 |
|
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Akbar troops invade Khandesh |
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|
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| 1580 |
|
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Accession of Ibrahim Adil Shah II in Bengal; Rebellion in Bihar
and Bengal |
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| 1581 |
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Akbar's
march against Muhammad Hakim and reconciliation with him
Akbar had to face the bad motives of his step brother Mirza Muhammad
Hakim, who governed Kabul as an independent ruler. |
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|
|
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| 1582 |
|
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Divine Faith promulagated |
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|
|
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| 1586 |
|
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Annexation of Kashmir |
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|
|
|
| 1591 |
|
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Mughul conquest of Sind |
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|
|
|
| 1592 |
|
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Annexation of Orissa |
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|
|
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| 1595 |
|
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Siege of Ahmednagar; Annexation of Baluchistan |
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|
|
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| 1597 |
|
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Akbar completes his conquests |
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| 1600 |
|
|
Charter to the English East India Company
|
