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>> Fullstory 1824-1826 : The First Anglo-Burmese War 1821-1822    Burmese conquered Assam Aug 1823    Lord Amherst became the Governor-General 24 Feb 1824    Lord Amherst declared war on Burma 11 May 1824    Rangoon was captured by British 25 Apr 1825     Campbell captured Prome, the capital of Lower Burma 24 Feb 1826    The Burmese concluded a peace treaty Lord Amherst became the Governor-General of India in August 1823. During his tenure the most important event which took place was the First Anglo-Burmese War. Causes for the Declaration of the War The Burmese had already seized Tenasserim from Siam in 1766, subjugated the kingdom of Arakan in 1784, and also conquered Manipur, near the Surma valley, in 1813. This advance of the Burmese towards the eastern frontier of the Company's dominion made an Anglo-Burmese conflict inevitable. The British were engaged in other parts of India and so they first tried to avoid the direct conflict with the Burmese by sending envoys to Burma - Captain Symes in 1795 and in 1802, Captain Cox in 1797 and Captain Canning in 1803, 1809, 1811 - but it was unsuccessful. Then when the British were fighting with the Pindaris, the King of Ava sent a letter to Lord Hastings demanding the surrender of Chittagong, Dacca, Cassimbazar and Murshidabad. This letter was sent by the Hastings to the Burmese Government stating it as a forged one. Soon in 1821-1822, the Burmese conquered Assam and in September 1823 the Shahpuri island near Chittagong which was belonging to the Company. The Burmese were then making preparations for an attack on the territories in Bengal. All these events frustrated the British and so finally on February 24, 1824 Lord Amherst declared war on Burma. British Capture Rangoon The British were successful in expelling the Burmese from Assam. However Bandula, the ablest of the Burmese generals repelled a British detachment at Ramu on the Chittagong frontier. On the other hand, the British sent an expedition of 11,000 men under General Archibald Campbell and ships under Captain Marryat to attack Rangoon by sea. Rangoon was captured on May 11, 1824. After these setbacks, the Burmese fled into jungles of Pegu. Conclusion of Peace of Treaty Meanwhile, Bandula had been recalled and arrived before Rangoon on December 1 with 60,000 men. He was, however, defeated on December 15 and then retreated to Donabew, where he fought bravely and in April 1825, he was killed. On April 25, Campbell captured Prome, the capital of Lower Burma. The fighting continued till the end of 1825. And on February 24, 1826 the Burmese concluded a peace treaty. According to the treaty, the Burmese had to pay 1 crore as war indemnity, the absolute surrender of the provinces of Arakan and Tenasserim and the recognition of Manipur as an independent State. And on November 23, 1826, a commercial treaty was concluded. The terms of this commercial treaty was based on the principles of reciprocal advantage - the admission of a British Resident at Ava and a Burmese envoy being allowed to come to Calcutta. However the British Resident was not accepted till 1830, when Major Burney became the British Resident at Ava. Search for  in Sify  >> More News

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